My Favorite Leader †Zhou Enlai Essay

AbstractAs is known to us all, chow chow Enlai, as a communist cut offy member, the first premier and overseas minister of the Peoples Republic of mainland China (PRC), has a amply reputation from home and abroad. This paper includes four spark offs in total. It starts with the abbreviated introduction to Zhou Enlai and then pays more attention to the second part about his contri moreoverions. Following is the third part about evaluations from domestic and multinational. The last part comes to the conclusion. Key words Zhou Enlai reputation contributions evaluationsI. IntroductionZhou Enlai was born in Huaian, Jiangsu Province on 5 March 1898, and died in Beijing on January 8, 1976. Zhou, an important member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from its beginnings in 1921, was the first Premier of PRC, serving from October 1949 to January 1976. Though Zhou severed as the Chinese overseas Minister just from 1949 to 1958, he was a master in policy implementation, with infinite capacity for details. His skills and ability of diplomat impressed nation all rundle the globe. He was of great help in consolidating the control of the Communist Partys rise to power, forming foreign policies, and developing the Chinese economy.II. ContributionsTo the liberation of the Chinese people and the macrocosm of a new China As I have menti wizd in the first part, Zhou was born at the end of the 19th century, when China was suffering from internal and external. So, Zhou has dedicated himself to the cause of the liberation of the Chinese people since he was young. Between 1920 and 1924, he studied in France and Germany under a work-study program and spread Marxism among Chinese students and workers living there. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1922. During the period of the Great Revolution, he took an active part in the northern Expedition and do important contributions to the overthrow of the reactionary rule of the northern warlords. He was also matchless of the leaders of Nanchang Uprising and one of the founders of the Peoples Army after the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927.In 1935, Zhou played an importantrole in backup Mao Zedongs propositions at Zunyi congregation which helped make the Long March of the Red Army a great success. When the Red Army arrived in Northern Shaanxi Province, Zhou, working under the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), on behalf of the Communist Party, held talks with Chiang Kai-shek who adopted measures to firstly maintain internal trade protection and then repel foreign invasion, facing the Japanese invasion to Shenyang, China.During the negotiations, Zhou firmly carried out Chairman Maos policy, skillfully compelled Chiang Kai-shek to stop the complaisant war and successfully led to the unaggressive settlement of the Xian Incident, and thus shape upd the formation of anti-Japanese national united front. In the Liberation War of China, he spared no pains to assist Mao Zedong in organizing and commanding the Three Great Campaigns and establishing the new China.To Diplomatic RelationsAfter New China was founded, Premier Zhou also worked as the Foreign Minister for nine years, during which he made painstaking efforts to develop the basic diplomatic policies and form the Foreign Ministry, including formulating rules, systems and diplomatic disciplines. The five-spot Principles of Peaceful Coexistence proposed by Premier Zhou that mutual respect for territorial integrity and sovereignty, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each others internal affairs, compare and mutual benefit, and halcyon coexistence remains the most important norm and standard which officials of the Foreign Ministry must abide by nowadays.The Geneva ConferenceIn April 1954, Zhou, unneurotic with the delegation of the Peoples Republic of China, attended the Geneva Conference, which was to settle the ongoing Franco-Vietnamese War. His patience and shrewdness assisted th e major powers involved (the Soviets, French, Americans, and North Vietnamese) to sombrel the agreement ending the conflict, and made it possible that the independence of the three countriesSouth Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia got the international recognition. Meanwhile, on behalf of the Chinese Government, Zhou put forward the five principles of counterinsurgencyful coexistence as the criterion for the relationship amongst countries.The AsianAfrican ConferenceIn 1955, Zhou was a prominent participator in the AsianAfrican Conference held in Indonesia. At the conference, Zhou skillfully maintained the right to possess Taiwan, demanded the approval of the Peoples Republic of China, put forward his stand for peaceful coexistence and against colonialism, advocated go forking common ground while putting aside differences and made it possible that, the conference produced a strong declaration in favor of peace and actively carried out the peaceful coexistence of Chinas foreign policy.T he Sino-American relationsBy the early 1970s, Sino-American relations had begun to improve. In January 1970, the Chinese invited the American ping-pong squad to China, initiating an era of ping-pong diplomacy. In 1971, Zhou met secretly with President Nixons security advisor, Henry Kissinger, who had flown to China to prepare for a meeting between Richard Nixon and Mao Zedong. After these meetings, Zhou successfully let the United States agree to allow the transfer of American money to China, to allow trades between American-owned ships and China (under foreign flags), and to allow Chinese exports into the United States since the Korean War. Whats more, the United States publicly acknowledged that Taiwan was an inalienable part of the Peoples Republic of China.To promote the peoples upbeatDuring the establishment of the new Chinese government, he succeeded in getting support from people from all walks of life, which provided a solid foundation for the construction of the Chinese s ociety and the consolidation of the new China. First foreign minister as he was, Zhou made it possible to create an international environment favorable to Chinas construction and to promote ball peace and human development. In 1954, he proposed the four modernization goal of constructing a modern industry, agriculture, transportation industry and national defense, which promoted the rapid development of the national science and technology. During the Cultural Revolution, he exerted himself to keep order in the critical situation, and made a great effort to save comrades being persecuted or imprisoned. In 1975, on behalf of the Party, he reintroduced his Four Modernizationgiving people the confidence and courage to reconstruct China having been destroyed and confused by the Cultural Revolution,III. EvaluationsFrom domesticAfter his death, one million five hundred thousand people came to see his coffin, and memorials for him were held everywhere. One of the memorial reports devoted to Zhou Enlai wrote He looks to have left nothing for us. Buthe have hundreds millions of children and grandchildren, and all the land of China is grave for him. Qian Xuesen, father of the two bombs, once said, According to what many non-party people said, they had no idea of the communist party of China until they got to know Zhou Enlai and it was because of him that they began to believe in the CCP. The writer Bing Xin expressed her admiration that Premier Zhou Enlai is the first perfect in the hearts of billion people of 20th century.From internationalOn January 8, 1976, it was the exact day of Zhous death, in front of United Nations Headquarters in New York, the United Nations flag down a half-mast. The UN Secretary, who named command Kurt Waldheim, said, In order to mourn Zhou Enlai, the United Nations is to half-mast. There are two reasons for me to make this decision Firstly, China is an ancient civilization with many numberless treasures of gold and silver, but she has no penny of Premier Zhous deposits Secondly, China has a population of one billion and accounts for 1/4 of worlds population, but she has no child of Premier Zhou. The First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy once said In the world I only worship one man, that is, Zhou Enlai. Sihanouk lady Monika also said Zhou Enlai is my only idol To conclude this part, these evaluations not only mirror his incomparable wit diplomatic skills, but also reflect our beloved Premier Zhou noble characteristics admired in the world.IV. ConclusionAs I have mentioned above, Zhou Enlai enjoys a high reputation in China as well as in other countries, because of his incomparable diplomatic skills and devotion to the cause. Zhou devoted himself to his cause, making unremitting efforts to spread Marxism, making contributions to theliberation of the Chinese people and the development of China and sparing no pains to promote the Chinese peoples well-being and the peace of the world.Bibliography1. http//zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ 2. http//baike.baidu.com/view/1751.3. http//www.baike.com/wiki/4. Gao Wenqian. Zhou Enlai The Last Perfect Revolutionary. NY Public Affairs, 2007. 5. Lee, Chae-jin. Zhou Enlai The Early Years. Stanford, CA Stanford University Press, 1994. 6. Levine, Marilyn. The Found Generation Chinese Communists in Europe during the Twenties. Seattle, WA University of Washington Press, 1993. 7. Wilson, Dick. Zhou Enlai A Biography. New York Viking, 1984 8. Tang Jiaxuan. Tang Jiaxuan Elaborates Zhou Enlais Diplomatic Thinking in Tianjin Nankai Middle School.