Concretising your discussion with reference to specific examples, Essay

Concretising your discussion with name to specific examples, identify and discuss the main components of the political theory of the artist - Essay ExampleThe term Gramsci is apt(p) to this socialization process of influencing peoples perceptions of society (Lye 1997).The concept of ideology essentially means beliefs, whether reliable or false, in society that has become institutionalized so they can serve the interests of a vox populi class. Ideological beliefs are similar to propaganda but vary in the way that they are much more than deeply embedded in the peoples conscious and influences how a person thinks somewhat the society he or she lives in. For example, Americans tend to have certain beliefs about the nature of the democracy but may find democracies elsewhere alien if they do not follow the same pattern. Some beliefs configure our actions, like going to the canvass to elect our leaders turns out to be a duty. Critics might mention that these beliefs might actually wrick against most people for the obscure interests of those leaders who rule America. Assuming the critic is right, then those would be ideological beliefs and represent a false consciousness about American democracy.The issue raised with the notion of ideology implies that there are objective fairnesss in the world that do not depend on our subject of them in order for them to be true. The natural sciences were for quite some time in muniment considered as the only dependable starting place of these objective truths. The first followers of the concept of ideology suppositional that by employing scientific methods, the false beliefs of ideology could be uncovered. Early Greeks thinkers contested the idea of objective truth by saying that truth lies in the eye of the beholder and that science reveals no hidden truths about the world but only helps us in reshaping things in a manner that suits the needs of the elect ruling classes. Without a clear idea of objective truth, the w hole idea of ideology appears unfeasible.In history the concept of ideology

United Methodist Church Doctrine on Homosexuality Research Paper

United Methodist Church Doctrine on Homosexuality - Research Paper ExampleAccordingly, the manner by which the church service as been called to weigh in on moral and ethical issues that relate to the modern era has been impenetrable as society has grown and evolved oer the centuries. A single and intractable stance is not moreover not realistic, it presents a stoic entity that is unable and/or unwilling to deeply analyze the trends and needs of authorized society and examine to reconcile them in the light of Christian doctrine. For purposes of this brief analysis, the author will seek to consider whether or not the United Methodist Church should broaden and expand the manner by which doctrinal factors define the family relationship between Christian beliefs and whether or not homosexuality should be permissible or not. Whereas it is true that a literalist hail to the issue from a scriptural standpoint lends on to yet one conclusion concerning homosexuality, the same cannot b e said with respect to a contextual understanding of the expend of homosexuality within password. Due to the fact that either of these approaches necessarily yields a foregone conclusion, this particular resolution will seek to engage the reader by taking a mixed methods approach at that placeby leveraging the strengths of a literalist approach as well as the strength and determinacy of a contextualist approach to scripture. As it stands, the true doctrine specifies that the church is accepting of homosexuals however, a more nebulous interpretation of the sinful spirit of homosexuality exists. Moreover, ministers are prohibited from marrying individuals of the same sex. Due to the fact that the United Methodist church places scripture at the core of its understanding and teaching with regards to the importance of developing and maintaining a close personal relationship with Jesus Christ and seeking to the individual for salvation, a scriptural approach to the issue is the only approach that would be both relevant and necessary to seek to answer the question at hand. From an interpretation of Scripture, there are approximately 5-8 verses (depending upon the means that are employed to count these) that deal specifically with homosexuality and keep it as unift or an abomination in the eyes of God. Not surprisingly, most of these texts, and/or references as remark above, are found within the white-haired Testament. Whereas it is not the view of the United Methodist Church that the Old Testament is merely a fanciful story book that has little if any current daytime application, the fact of the matter is that a great majority of the Levitical laws cannot and should not be meant to apply to the current time. One might just as easily consider the Levitcal injunction against a woman aiding her preserve if he is in mortal combat with another.1 By the same token, one could point to the way that Levitical law promotes an understanding that the female gender is s omehow during their period. Naturally, although some of these may seem as roughly comical during the current time, if a particular church or group of believers sought to take these directives literally, therefore truly a miserable interpretation of the love of God as exhibited elsewhere throughout the countersign must necessarily be reflected. By very much the same token, one can and should combine with an appreciation for the way in which slavery is represented throughout the Bible, in total, there are over 100 texts concerning the legality and rules overseeing slavery as an accepted and

The Eye of the Beholder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Eye of the Beholder - analyse ExampleSimilarly, humans ar the only creation of God that can think, verbalize, communicate, and take to be things. Since the inception of epoch and development of human race, the notion of value emerged as humans were able to reason and none different species on Earth could do so. Yet, animals live by instincts and survival keeps them active for life (Brady,2003). Humans are the only being that can sense, reason, judge, plan, and proclaim the worth of nature. Rolston suggested that humans have started valuing things on Earth, as they started valuing fortunate so it became worthy and they proclaimed that coal is not a valued rock so it became worthless. Similarly, rhomb is considered precious and coal in comparison to it is valueless.Naess suggests that humans should live in equilibrium with nature as both are of same value. However, I do not agree with it, humans determine value of nature and whatever is in it. thus, humans are worthwhile and come before any separate species of the world. However, nature is also an essential need for survival of humans. Thus, if it is not preserved, its decline will result in the decline of humans them

Challenges to the pharmaceutical industry's blockbuster-driven Research Paper

Challenges to the pharmaceutical industrys blockbuster-driven business model, and the effectiveness of GlaxoSmithKlines st - Research Paper ExampleAfter discussing the challenges associated with the physical exertion of the Blockbuster-Driven handicraft Model, the effectiveness of GSKs strategies to meet these challenges will be tackled in details. 2. About the Company Business Press and Analysts Narratives on GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Its Business Performance (i.e. Sales Revenue, Stock Prices, and Market manage) establish in Britain, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is a science-based health care company that aims to develop a wide-range of medicines through product researches and creation (GSK, 2013a). Serving 115 countries worldwide, GSK is one of the top three biggest pharmaceutical companies around the world (GSK, 2013a Gilbert, Henske and Singh, 2003). To develop and introduce new drugs, GSK spent as much as ?4 billion in 2002 (GSK, 2013a). Back in July 1986, the share price of GSK was only 7.31 (Yahoo, 2013). Since January 1992, GSKs share price has been fluctuating due to a series of merger and acquisition, expiry of distincts, heavy investment on new drug innovation, and tight competition in the market. Between 1979 to 1993, GSK filed 6 patents on Augmentin (Community Catalyst, n.d.). As a result, GSKs share price started to adjoin in December 1992 at 30.75. ... It was between 1994 to 1995 when GSK contested their point-of-views with the federal appeals court concerning the legal issues behind patent infringement on one of their famous ulcer drug called ranitidine (Los Angeles Times, 1995). Since the federal appeals court back up the arguments made by GSK, Novopharm a Canadian company was not allowed to sell the generic version of Zantac in the U.S. throughout the period when the patent right is still effective (Los Angeles Times, 1995). wizard of the possible reasons wherefore GSKs share price significantly decreased from 69.50 in December 1998 tak e down to 48.75 in February 2000 and 35.05 in February 2003 was because of patent litigation of GSKs Paxil (Evaluate, 2002). In relation to the expiration of GSKs patent on Advair in 2010, GSKs share price has also significantly decreased from 42.29 in December 14, 2009 down to the lowest point at 33.46 in May 24, 2010 (Yahoo, 2013). Because of GSKs business strategy, this company managed to gradually attach its share price up to 52.51 in December 2013. Since it takes 10 years for GSK to develop new procure drug (Williams et al., 2008), this company has been continuously developing other promising drug that can compete or even better than their existing blockbuster drugs. (See Chart I Historical Trend of GSKs Share Price below) Chart I Historical Trend of GSKs Share Price Source Yahoo, 2013 One of GSKs blockbuster drugs was the Advair Diskus an inhaler which can be used in the treatment of chronic bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) such as bronch itis or emphysema (Kitamura, 2013 Recruiting Experts Worldwide, 2013). Costing somewhat US$300 per dose, the selling of

Today's Mother Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Todays Mother - Essay ExampleBeing a mother in the new-fangled world implies being capable of juggling amid family vivification and c beer life. It involves deposit of stress and some fourth dimensions results in a lot of guilt especially if the mother cannot meet the obscure societal expectations. The mothers are supposed to bear babies but requests for maternal leaves are sometimes viewed with resentment. Modern women and oddly mothers are over tuged with idealistic expectations of motherly perfection. The unrealistic expectations are inflicted by the ships company or they impose on themselves. The standards set for the woman to meet are unrealistic and detrimental to the mothers personal and professional existence. A professional mother is expected to fulfil obligations such as breastfeeding without taking advantage of unlifelike options available. A mother who chooses to wean their children in less than two years feels guilty and inadequate since the society views such at tempts with condescension. The pressure to meet the societal expectations of motherhood and retain their own identity as professionals harries modern mothers. This paper focuses on how the modern demands of motherhood has challenged and undermined the identity and status of women in the society. The working mother has no choice but to act perfect and not grumble on her shortfalls to avoid being perceived as amateurish. They also cast off to avoid talking of any hitches they may be going through to make the word believe they can effortlessly manage between their course life and family life or else they will be disparaged (Fay, 2012). Mothers are supposed to make sacrifices on their careers, be homemakers, and become low-level on their husbands for financial needs in order to meet the societal expectations and standards. Mothers who choose to employ plate helps are branded as incompetent mothers. Any misbehaviour on the children is blamed on the mother. by and by giving birth, t he mother is supposed to ensure she retains her youthful look or else the husband is free to be unfaithful if they are discontented with their wives. Unlike in the1950s when women did not have to work modern women have to manage both their career life and find time to be with their children as well as husbands. Lack of government policies such as paid family leave make it impossible for close to mothers to breast-feed their children since most have to work in order to support their families or supplement their husbands earnings. However, they quench receive great criticism if they choose other options such as taking their children to daycares to create time to meet other obligations. Women face great challenges principally those who chose to engage in politics as they are subjected to chauvinist jokes. A woman who chooses to dedicate her life in politics is labelled a lamentable mother irrespective of whether she has proved otherwise (Fay, 2012). Modern women have to balance betw een work, love life, and family. exact such as taking care of babies particularly breastfeeding binds women to be homemakers. The women schedules are rigid such that it is roughly impossible for them to nurse their babies and work at the same time. Having a proper social life is most impossible for some mothers. Women have to keep apologizing to their bosses for being mothers especially when their motherhood commitments such as childbearing cannot allow them achieve their obligations at work (Badinter, 2012) Some people like Badinter blame the problem on the aspiration women to be liberal mothers. She claims modern mother can somehow be blamed for the strain they have to undergo as they try to prove to the society that they are capable of being career women and practice traditional motherhood. She claims that contemporary motherhood undermines mother

Proposal For 2020 World's Fair Theme Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Proposal For 2020 Worlds white field of study - Term Paper ExampleAfter every five years, World Expos is carried out for or so six months and attracts millions of guests. Sources indicate that among countries that placed their bids to waiter the 2020 World Expo such as Dubai, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, United Arab Emirates, and Thailand, Dubai has the ruff chances of winning the bid (Sukhdey 75). This is because Dubais bid is the best funded and the most ambitious plan that will transmute totally vacant desert regions to oasis. Dubai has also spent a lot of money to corral giving from all over the world to plan for its bid. The information in this marriage proposal is need because it details the home of the 2020 World Expo Connecting Minds, Creating the Future. The proposal also indicates how beneficial the 2020 World Expo will be to Dubai.This proposal specific information about the 2020 World Expo, some of which include the location of the Exposition, the point of the exposi tion, the current post of the World Expo and the expediencys of the Exposition, how the theme will appeal to the public, and how the theme will be evident in the fair.The International Exhibitions Bureau has evaluated the potential of Dubai to host the 2020 World Fair under the theme Connecting Minds, Creating the Future. This theme is very relevant to the current worlds situation and economic realities. This theme will modify the city to move ahead in terms of infrastructure, growth, and connectivity. The entire world will obviously benefit from the result of the Exposition. This is because in the whole history of the World Fair, structures that later become iconic symbols in the host cities are constructed. For example the 1992 Space Needle in Seattle and the 1889 Eiffel Tower (Sukhdey 79).The 2020 Worlds Fair Theme will be evident at the fair itself due to the exhibits that will be available. Due to the location, the

Benefit Corporations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

receipts Corporations - Essay Examplefit Corporations differ from other chemical formula corporations based on the aspects of transpargonntness in their operations, accountability to the state and specific purposes (Overton, et. al, 76). However, when it comes to taxation, there is no diversity as they are all taxed in a similar manner.Benefit Corporations pursue a replete(p) goals aimed at promoting the welfare of the society around it beside the profit-making motive. This separates them from other corporations that only focus only on maximize profits to benefit the shareholders. The benefit corporations as opposed to other corporations are in a power to increase their fiduciary duty of their directors so as to surrender them consider non-financial stakeholders while at the alike time their financial interests.Benefit Corporations have a number of provisions based on their purpose, accountability, transparency and right of action. The purpose of a benefit corporation to cre ate a general public benefit. The directors are fully accountable to all the stakeholders of the corporation. Transparency in benefit corporations is ensured through publishing of annual Benefit Report that is delivered to all the stakeholders through the public website and circulars to all shareholders. The shareholders as well as the directors of Benefit Corporations have the right of action against violation of any of their duties. The structure of a benefit corporation is composed by a minimum status vote which is mainly a 2/3 in near of the states. Some of the benefits of a Benefit Corporation besides the general public benefit include return of human health, increasing the flow of capital to public entities to ensure proper benefit, preservation of the environment, promotion of economic empowerment to communities and individuals and provision of low-income individuals or communities with beneficial products and initiatives.Patagonia is among the first corporations to be reg istered in the state of California as a Benefit Corporation.

Compliance of Apple Inc Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Compliance of Apple Inc - Research Paper exercisingCompanies have shifted their operations to developing countries in order to curtail their costs and improve through economical ways. With such an approach, businesses have saved heavy taxes that could be imposed while operating in their homelands. The sparing factor is most influencing for the businesses as it directly affects revenues and profitability. Apple Inc has suppliers from China, India and other parts of the world that serve the keep conjunction virtually or provide the required hardware, supplies, etc. The company has to assure compliance with standard morals and variable economic obligations that exist in each country. It attempts to choose most reputed suppliers from around the globe so that economic and legal compliance may not be compromised while quality is maintained passim operations (King, 2011). In the present era, societies are driven through global values and the gulf surrounded by discordent societies is contracting due to expanding embrace of international social values. However social circumstances differ geographically (Zylla, 2013). Apple Inc behaves as socially responsible entity and endeavors to aid workers as and when required to bring them in pace with the rapidly changing dynamics of the world. Apple does not allow the suppliers to overburden employees and limits the working hours per week so that they stay in good health and work efficiently in the long run. The company attempts to educate manpower of its suppliers through SEED (Supplier Employee Education Development) program.

Grand Canyon Crash of 1956 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Grand Canyon Crash of 1956 - Essay ExampleThe agency was effected to run a broad Air Traffic Control (ATC) system and to certify aircraft normals, air duct nurture programs and maintenance.The Air Traffic Control (ATC) system is responsible for managing air handicraft. It is run by the FAA with a threefold purpose to maintain a safe separation of aircrafts flying over the US and to make aircraft trading to move as efficiently as possible. The ATC is actually a good place in the airline industry to appreciate its systems-like structure. The ATC organizes all the flights in the country (therefore, implementing a centralized architecture for the industry) and was created based on the idea of a broad and nation-wide system of scheduled flights, which did not existed before.The ATC comprises four types of facilities airport towers, terminal radars, en route centers and flight service stations. Airport towers look after proposees composition they taxi to and from runways and durin g take-off and landing. Terminal radars monitor flights during the climb and the descent phases of the flight. There are 236 of them in the US. The en route centers keep track of aircrafts while they are en route during the high-altitude cruise phase of the flights. Finally, flight service stations are instruction centers for pilots flying in and out of small cities and rural areas.A keyA key facility in overseeing the spotless ATC system is the FAAs Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC), located in Herndon, VA. It looks for situations that susceptibility create bottlenecks and setups up management plans to control the traffic into and out the troubled sectors. The goal of such a plan is to keep traffic at the trouble spots manageable for the controllers. The importance of the ATCSCC becomes clear when iodine acknowledges that, on average, there are 900 daily flight delays of 15 minutes or more, which cost to the airlines and customers rough $5 Billion USD a year. However, the ATC model is a centralized system architecture that many designate give not be able to cope with the saturation of the airspace and the increase in traffic delays that are expected to take place in the near future. The big challenge for the industry is the design and implementation of a distributed air-flight management system that could increase the throughput of the aviation system keeping the safety levels unchanged. This woo is called Free Flight and is currently being researched by the FAA and the aviation community.Free Flight is expected to correct significantly the efficiency of the National Airspace System. With Free Flight, pilots operating under Instrument Flight rules (IFR) will be able to select the aircrafts course, speed, and altitude in real time. Today, pilots define a flight plan with the ATC, prior to take-off and have to follow the route specified in that plan. Any deviation from that route must be pre-approved by ATC. With Free Flight, pilots w ill be able to change route, speed and altitude to hit the desired results, notifying the ATC. Pilots flexibility will mainly be restricted only to ensure separation and to counteract unauthorized entry into special use airspace.The Free Flight concept is based on dickens airspace zones, protected and alert, the sizes of which are based on the aircrafts speed, performance characteristics, and communications, navigation, and surveillance equipment. The protected zone, the one appressed to the

Toxic waste-see information I sent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Toxic waste-see information I sent - Essay Examplethe celestial latitude 3, 1984 incident in Bhopal wherein 3,000 residents were immediately killed after an industrial accident and produced cyanogenetic wastes that continued to cause indecent effects to the residents of the said city. In the same manner, this paper would look into the actions of the government in trying to take in these problems and why they are always hellish for their inefficiency and apathy when it comes to environmental problems.On September 11, 2000, the environmental group, Greenpeace blamed the Indian government for its failure to protect the boorish from being a dumping ground for toxicant wastes (Bbc.co.uk 1). According to the same group, industrialized nations such as Germany, the United States, Australia, United Kingdom, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands and Norway all contribute in the exportation of their industrial wastes and hazardous materials to India. These include the following (1) zinc ash ( 2) lead waste (3) utilise batteries and finally, (4) metal scraps.BBC.co.uk (1) says that these toxic wastes continue to enter the country despite the ban implemented by the Indian Supreme Court back in 1997 due to the countrys lack of mechanism that could inspection and repair in the enforcement of these laws. Aside from blaming the inefficiency of the government in dealing with environmental problems, Greenpeace, in BBC.co.uk (1) also blames the exporting country governments in taking advantage of the limitations of the Indias regulatory structure, thus continuing to export more toxic wastes to the country,Baynham (1) also recognized the inability of the Indian government to enforce laws to help in preventing the toxic wastes mentioned to a higher place from entering the country. In fact, India is a signatory of various international laws such as the Basel Convention which aims to flash back the trade of toxic materials and the Stockholm Convention Persistent Organic Pollutant s which says that landfills are not proper disposition sites of PCB wastes.The aforementioned is said to have

British Liberation Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

British acquittance Movement - Essay ExampleIn order to be fitting to better understand about human being Liberation (Gay Lib), not only does the history of this issue bugger off to be proveed, but as well the present state that it is in, and what has come from it. The aim of this paper is to discuss the matter of Gay Liberation, as well as any and all key and related issues surround it, in order to allow us to attain a more knowledgeable and informed cause on it overall. This is what will be dissertated in the following.Gay Liberation is a term which is used to light upon the radical lesbian, gay, bi familiar and transgendered ordure, which took spot from the late 1960s to the mid 1970s. This was not only a movement which took place in North America, but also Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.In regards to the history of Gay Liberation, there are basically two different categories that can be considered Gay Liberation during the offshoot half of the 20th century, and Gay Liberation during the second half of the 20th century. ... fferent from the way that it had been during the first stool of the 20th century, as a series of different developments took place during this time, developments which truly led to the creation of a gay liberation movement. It is truly fascinating just how much the way that homosexuality was looked at changed during the last mentioned part of the 20th century, as it seemed to instantly go from being looked at as a fearsome sin to being an issue that was not a deal to worry about at all. on that point are many different milestones that took place passim the 20th century in regards to Gay Liberation, and the changes that took place from these milestones was incredibly far-reaching. For instance, the ban that had previously been put on the employment of homosexuals in most federal jobs was lifted, natural law harassment was sharply contained, and as well many large cities began to include sexual orientation in the ir civil rights statutes. Lisa Power is a woman who joined the Terrence Higgins Trust in 1996 as the Health protagonism Team Manager, where she organized health promotion and information for people with HIV, and as well she developed the organizations puzzle out on new HIV treatments and with African communities in the UK. She has consistently been involved with human rights campaigns all throughout her life, first as a writer and activist for gay and lesbian rights and then, since the 1980s, in HIV and sexual health. One of Powers most respected and well-known books, No Bath but Plenty of Bubbles An Oral taradiddle of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970-73, is a literary work which discusses the matter of gay liberation and how the Gay Liberation Front dragged homosexuality out of the closet, and into the public eye. It discusses all of the important issues, from how and when London

REVIEW OF THE PLAY THE 39 STEPS AT THE WALNUT THEATRE - PHILADELPHIA Essay

REVIEW OF THE PLAY THE 39 STEPS AT THE WALNUT THEATRE - PHILADELPHIA - sample ExampleWithin this context, gender issue and the conceptualization of femininity emerged as women began to realize their equal splendor and rights. Hello, this company is very exploitive as it is exploiting you clients as well as we writers. The second phase of the libber movement from the 1980 and 1990s also made it possible to bring the issue of inequality in the macrocosm politics. In the academic world too, feminism was adopted by many women who realized they should be habituated their due share. The concept of feminism since then has become the most crucial and a new corrective framework for the studies of the gender issues especially women. Though the feminist movement was started centuries back, yet the impetus of it was felt during the game World War when the whole economy was transforming from labor intensive towards the technological development.

Upgrading server 2003 to server 2008 Research Paper

Upgrading server 2003 to server 2008 - Research Paper fashion modelHowever, to adopt real world scenarios, detailed stimuluss were required. For instance, weather forecast discipline, spark offling of some 1 from somewhere and so forth As people were usually recent to reach to destination for many different reasons, a data check box in the body indicating reasons to select will facilitate the focus to analyze reasons of late comers and absentees. Even though, travel notes can still allow selecting a reason that may be uncomplete or incoherent. One more phase that affected the authenticity of data capturing techniques was the size of the sample. The information system is limited to number of people who are participating in Friday classes. The constrained is 18 students in the quadruplet of five weeks and the sample will only able to examine sample quantity of 18 students. However, it is a fact that increase sample size will result in better results. As results in figure 4, i llustrated in appendices, displays that most of the people utilized tube indicating the most touristed transport method acting with a deep sample size. In this case, data can be examined thoroughly. However, if the sample size is large on with maximum time, the sample may include many students as well as the one who live nearby. This will facilitate a comprehensive creation and thought on results, making them a balanced collection of data. 2 Why Manage Information? Todays organisations are ceaselessly striving to achieve integration of their systems to allow information to flow freely through clog up strategies, ratiocination making and processes and operations, adding greater flexibility and business support than any individual roles (OBrien,2009). Reduced information management may lead to a creation of misinformation samples that may facilitate managers to make bad decisions along with characterisation negative outcomes. The current system does not reflect extra data input s for example attendance along with arrival time and weather forecast etc. Somehow, if a student comes late due to a bad weather, the system will not support this real world factor separately from the constituent named as travel comments. This is a classic example of recording unrealistic information in an information system that is not authentic. The most relevant information is constructed on weather versus travel mode. Moreover, the figure is in like manner demonstrating the popularity of the travel method tube that is safe in poor weather conditions. An addition to the system that uniform to the tube is train. Group of people, who travelled on tubes, also travelled on trains. This is a conflict of the travel method train, as the train and tube shares different characteristics, resulting in providing inappropriate information. 2.1 Analysis As figure four, in appendix, displays the travel mode that is utilized in the majority by the consumers. The first cream was the tube, nex t option is bus followed by a walk. This logical representation of knowledge concludes the most popular method amongst consumers. Moreover, research can be conducted in the same logical pattern to examine and peril appropriate information related to the transport mode popularity in different age groups. Data input method can be constructed in order to find out the reason of not victimization certain transport modes. In order to provide information that may facilitate decisions, Decision support Systems are the best choice, as they can provide informati

Marketing Managemant 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing Managemant 4 - Essay ExampleUsing the ACCORD forge for strategic marketing of the rose set out is recommended in order to maximize the returns. The ACCORD model of word sense will support the innovation by providing an in-depth analysis of the various aspects of the new product. Acting like an profound checklist, the model will highlight the potential benefits and risks associated with the product, hence assisting the acceptance and adoption.Advantage The innovative rose bushes, which be created to survive without any pruning, spraying or dusting, surely provide a comparative advantage oer the natural counterparts which are rather temperamental and need much more care. The innovation has an edge all over the natural prepare which needs to be pruned to ensure lush blooms. With the new variety claiming to grow without the mutual problems regard with rose bush care, the innovation offers an obvious advantage to the users.Compatible The new rose plant is extremely com patible with the users lifestyle. Unlike the normal rose plant which demands high maintenance, the iodine developed by Angelica nursery promises prolific flowering with minimum maintenance. The plant is scientifically bred to grow and flower without any specific care commandment so the users can maintain it as per their lifestyle, thus lending a higher level of compatibility to the innovation.Complexity The innovation is easy to handle and does not require the user to learn any new methodology. Communicating the benefits of the innovation to the customers is hassle free. The level of complexity involved in handling these innovative rose bushes is much less than that of a natural rose plant which demand special attention.Observable The growth and flowering of rose bushes are observable even with minimal care. This will cause the early adopters to endorse and recommend the product to the others. The innovator segment of the

Individual vs. Society on Daisy Miller Research Proposal

Individual vs. Society on Daisy moth miller - Research Proposal ExampleThese traits are a stark contrast to the highly conventional, pretentious European society of old, making her the center of gossip and ill contempt. Even Winterbourne, who first found Daisys dishful attractive subsequently developed prejudice against her seemingly careless and wanton ways, although she really did nothing unusual that many young Americans are not doing today. In this story, the individual, a denizen of the new world, is unintentionally faveolate against a decadent, prudish, traditional and old society as her course takes her into its midst.The conflict in Daisy Miller stems from the accompaniment that the young female protagonist of the story is thrown into a culture and society distinct from her own. In the 1870s, the time when the story was written, Europe was an old decadent society steeped in traditions and conventions and America, especially New York where Daisys family originated, was a n ew, modern, coming-of-age nation. It was in this context that the young, modern American youth is thrown into as she travel as a tourist together with her mother, young brother and courier. Daisy Miller, which is said to be Henry James about well-known study of the young feminine nature, is described as a girls heedless rash indifference to the kind of decorum being observed in European civilize society. Although at first blush, her actions would seem to be one of the typical American traits of moral innocence, it turns out to be a want of discriminating judgment which tragically ended in her untimely death (Berkovitch Cambridge University commove p. 163). Nonetheless, there was nothing terribly wrong in Daisys actuations from the modern-day perspective except by chance the fact that she threw all caution to the wind when she went to the Colosseum in the middle of the night with her friend when the malaria epidemic was rampant.The affaire with Daisy is that she personifies ever ything that is

Looking for Alibrandi essay Essay Example for Free

aspect for Alibrandi essay EssayEssay question Family has a strong ferment on our lives. It affects the government agency we view ourselves and those around us. How has family influenced Josephine and what impact does it have?Family is unrivalled of our main influences in our lives, although we atomic number 18 non always aware of it. It shapes the heap we are and the choices we make in our lives. In the text Looking for Alibrandi by Melina Marchetta, Josephine Alibrandi is seeking to be free from the world and its misunderstood societal regulations throughout her twelfth class of high school the family of transmit and tender ways of thinking. Throughout her journey, her family influences her way of thinking. She grows and learns through family and structure, relieve her Italian heritage and family members. Family shows who she is, and by accepting that, Josie is able to live freely to the life she dreamed of, although not in the way she originally expected. Through out the book, family influences Josephine to reach her goal of emancipation, creating a connected family and a liberated stead on life.Throughout the book, Josies way of thinking changes immensely, from negativity towards her family and culture, to a new understanding and perspective towards life. This is the effect from family, personal experiences, and sharing truths and feelings. Which teaches Josie how she feels about her culture, family and find the part of herself which is embedded in her family. Showing that her family influences and changes the way she feels about life and gives her a new perspective towards it. As the book progresses, Josephine learns to appreciate family the sacrifices they make her, her Italian heritage and the community of family. Josie became venerateful and thankful towards her family as apposed to resentful, because they love her and her individuality. This has influenced Josie to learn her declare truths, make her own rules and way of life, but close to importantly, to figure out where her place in life is, I notice where my place in life is. Its not where the Seras or the Carlys of the world have slotted meIm an Australian with Italian rakehell flowing rapidly through my veins. Ill say that with pride, because its pride that I feel. (page 259). Once Josie realises that her family had confided with her and had sacrificed all these things for her and the Alibrandi/Andretti name, she took action, to change her life for herself and her family, to be a better person. A lot haschanged at home mayhap because Ive changed. (page 259), this shows that from what her family has taught her, Josephine has changed for the better. Maybe not in the way she expected to, but in the way she can learn to accept herself and her family, which has changed her family life to a more loving, excepting community.Every family has structure, just like Josephines family. Josephines family has a very significant structure, which is largely influenced by their Italian culture and society, making them blind to Josephines way of life, They stifle me with their rules and regulations they have bought with them from Europe, but they havent changed with the measure Theres always someone I have to respect. (p40). This indicates that Josies family is stuck in the old Italian ways, so ignorant and stubborn. Expecting respect even though they have done nothing but age, I am an old charr now and I deserve respect. (p36). This is why Josie dislikes the culture and traditions, because she feels that those traditions are what hold her down and not allow her live the free life she dreams of.But through experiences and feel she can not do anything that she wants with her life, her family go forth always look down upon her, only remembering the bad things and they will always talk, no weigh what which is what Josie learns to accept I think that if I lived like a saint and walked with two feet in one shoe If I wore the clothes of St Francis of Assisi and suffered like a martyr if I lived by the rules and never attached a sin, people would still talk. Because human nature. Theyll always, like me, find someone to talk about. (p261). Culture and its traditions is other thing Josies family is buried in, which brings Josie down with it as well, Josie Culture is nailed into you so deep you cant escape it. (p175). every(prenominal) this is what holds Josie down from being free and doing what she wants.Family in Josephines life is what influences Josie to who she is and what decisions and actions she makes. Even though her family is who she thinks has trapped her life and fond standing under the floor, Josie can not help the fact that family and culture and traditions and wealth is what makes Josie the person she is. And it is not until she realises this is when her emancipation can happen. I just sat there thinking rearward on the year and Irealised that I was turn long ago I remember feeling socially out of it at St. Ma rthas, yet when the walk-a-thon happened, I realised I wasnt. I thought my birth portion were a cross Id bear for the rest of my life, but it had never been my cross. I had only made it mine. (p258) Josie feels emancipated because she had taken the time to reflect back and look at the bigger picture.She realised that she didnt care what people though of her anymore because what difference is it really going to make in her life. Josie will always be Josie, and no matter how much others disagree it cant change her, You cant hate what you are a part of. What you are. (p152). Her family will always be the ones who she will look up to, And I cried because I was loved by two of the strongest women I would ever meet in my lifetime. (p226) These strong characteristics are what have influenced Josie the most to stand up for herself and be strong for herself.You know a wonderful thing happened to me when I reflected back on my year. One day came. Because I finally understood. (p261), through out her journey Josie learns through her family a new way of thinking, she grows and learns through family influences and family structure, accepting her Italian heritage and family members. Family shows who she is, and by accepting that, Josie is able to live freely to the life she dreamed of, although not in the way she originally expected. Throughout the book, family influences Josephine to reach her goal of emancipation, creating a connected family and a liberated perspective on life.

The Era of Good Feelings Essay Example for Free

The date of Good vox populis EssayWas The Era of Good Feelings an accurate name for the period between the struggle of 1812 and the set up of Andrew Jackson? Why or why not?The term the Era of Good Feeling was number one posted in a Boston newbornspaper, which impressed, crowd together Monroe, the new American Presidents warm reception in Boston. The entire society was very anxious to turn back into a normal life when the War of 1812 ended as a result, the term implied Presidents good-will tour through the North. Actually, the term the Era of Good Feeling described the atmosphere of the United States from 1815 to 1825.After the War of 1812, the period was named as a lower train of concern everywhere potential foreign intervention on America. Moreover in 1816, the Federalists not scarce lost many seats in the Congress the Party also became disorganized and messy. The Federalists did not withal nominate a candidate to fight against the Democratic lead by Republican Pres ident James Monroe in 1820. During President Monroes years of presidency, the country become more and more unites since there were few governmental arguments. Even the miserliness developed rapidly after the war under President Monroes rule. As a result, the Americans started to feel more confident about their government. Until 1823 the period comes to the peak when President Monroe gave his annual heart and soul to the Congress, which is a statement on foreign policy. This statement warned the European politicians not to re-construct their control over anterior colonies that had gained their independence already. The aim of this policy was to restrict the expansion of European countries into the Western Hemisphere so that the new American can be more independent.The terms of the Missouri Compromise comforted the sectional crisis, which was create from raw material over Missouri in 1819 during that period. Regardless of slave or free, the admission of Missouri would frustrate the relief of power that existed between these rival parties in the Council. Both side were temporary calm down harmonize to the terms of the Missouri Compromise. Afterwards, Missouri was admitted to access without constraints on slavery. On 3rd March 1820, Henry stiff finally reached a negotiation. Both states were admitted and the balance of authority in Congress was remained. A myriad monetary setback was the result of the Panic in 1819 and the result has led to acollapse of the cotton fiber industry.The set of cotton has dropped dramatically. At the meantime, there was a reduction by the controversial Bank of the United States. In addition, there was also a huge unemployment and homeless people in the country. Before the panic started, farmers bought demesne on credit due to the fluctuating prices for corn and wheat because they thought that the land could make a higher turnover in order to pay off their debts. After the War in 1812, the economy had grown rapidly. American s rushed to explore new western farmland in the suburb. Due to low cotton market price, not only the farmers had huge difficulties to pay loans on the original high price of their lands only when also the people started to lose their faith in democratic institution.***So how does this play into the question of whether or not the era was one of good feelings?***On the contrary, political arguments became more and more severe over the federal governments economic policies. The Era come to an end because the presidential ambitions of John Calhoun who is the monument of war, William H. Crawford who is the secretary of the treasury and John Quincy Adams who is the secretary of state that are members of the Presidents Cabinet. Moreover, a new two-party political system which is originally controlled by strong political had developed as sectional tensions. At last, it make a significant contribution to the split in the Democratic-Republican Party.***You need to begin with a clear dissert ation this would give your essay more structure and demonstrate how the unifying and disruptive elements you cite contribute to a larger understanding of the period. And once again, you need to be sure not to follow the organization of run away material so closely.

The Struggle Of Oil In America Essay Example for Free

The Struggle Of anoint In America EssayIntroductionSince its discovery 150 age ago, raw cover crude has suit lifeline of the land, the functional equivalent of blood in the humane body. The mechanism driving the inbuilt cargo ships organization from automobiles, airplanes, railways, ships to space rockets is based on utilization of overhear-up-and-go of oil color vegetable crude. oil products ar withal extensively ingestiond in a reckon of infra social system industries that form the core of industrial processes and behind of existence of modern world.However, the oil colour resources of world be very limited and they dischargenot endlessly meet human demands. Various estimates have put the amount of money extractable oil stock to exist for an otherwise 50-75 long magazine if world continues to consume them at present rank. After that the cost of extraction of remaining petroleum products would change state much more than than the benefits obtained t hem and world would require sensitive resources of energy to exist. These concerns have al indicatey spawned intense query in alternative technologies to meet the afterlife energy needs in the face of an impending petroleum crisis.United States of America is worlds leading consumer of petroleum products accounting for approximately 25 % of total outgo of petroleum oil world over. In 2003, worlds inspiration of petroleum oil stood at around 80 zillion barrels per twenty-four hours, out of which USs share was culture to 20 million barrel (Hirsch, Bezdek, Wending, 2005). To meet these huge petroleum demands US depends crucially on oil imports that is well above 50 % today and continuing to rise up.This overwhelming dependence on merchandise oil poses various strategic and security challenges for US interests in the long run. The sharp oil legal injury increases of 1973 and 1979-81 serve as testimony to the dangers of import dependence. Further as the oil sources would conti nue to deplete, the prices of oil would steady and inexorably rise until the level when world is faced with an acute fuel crisis. Based on these observations its vital that U.S explores alternative technologies and fuels to sustain its development and growth structure. anele ImportsThe continuous rise in U.S oil consumption has forced it to rely increasingly on imported oil to meet its expanding requirements. In the noncurrent 50 years, oil consumption fell just on cardinal occasions that were marked with international increase in prices of oil, in 1973 and 1979-81.. Domestic production of oil that peaked in 1971 has fallen since and so era oil imports have go along to rise, crossing the domestic supplies in 1994 (EIA, 2005).The pelf imported oil share in the net oil consumption was 34.8 part in 1973 which went lowest at 27.3 percent in 1985 but since then it has continued to rise against a dropping domestic production levels (Reaardon, 2002). The upward trend in oil consump tion and consequently in oil import have continued to take place despite multiple efforts and policy intervention that government has tried to introduced (Deutch J, Schlesinger J.R, and Victor D.G., 2006, 29).As of today with its 20 million barrel per day consumption U.S is the largest consumer and importer of oil, surpassing the combined consumption of Japan, Germany, China, Russia and second Korea (Reardon, 2004).. The share of oil in total energy produced in USA is just 17.2 percent while in consumption it rises to 40 percent that explains the need for huge oil import. Imports constitute 11 million barrels per day that is more than the aggregate oil import of Japan, Germany, and South Korea (Reardon, 2004).For oil imports U.S relies heavily on Canada, Venezuela and Middle east oil with Canada being the bingle largest exporter country of oil to U.S. However as a group the OPEC dominates among all the exporters supplying more than 50 percent of total oil imported by U.S (Petroleu m Navigator, 2006). The total petroleum imports for U.S stood at over 5 one thousand million barrels in 2005 out of which crude oil constituted 3.69 billion barrels which means that oil accounts for almost three-fourth of the total imports (Petroleum Navigator, 2006). Finished petroleum products constituted the second largest import segment with close to 15 percent contribution.The bulk of the oil consumption takes place in the impartation sector, which accounts for the 69 percent of the total oil consumption in US (Basic Petroleum Statistics, 2007). Overall there are five study sectors accounting for petroleum oil consumption. These sectors, along with their consumption share in year 2005 are (Petroleum-EIA, 2006)Domestic/Household Consumption in 2005 was 869 special K barrels of petroleum per dayCommercial 386 super acid barrels of petroleum per dayIndustrial 5061 thousand barrels of petroleum per dayElectric Power production 545 thousand barrels of petroleum per dayTransport ation 13, 825 thousand barrels of petroleum per day.A breakup of consumption pattern in the point sector reveals that consumption stands highest for go gaseous state. Average daily consumption of motor gasoline in U.S, concord to Petroleum data (EIA, 2005) is 8933 thousand barrels per day. Distillate fuel oil is the second most consumed petroleum product with daily consumption at 2817 thousand barrels.These figures give a realistic view of indispensable oil import dependency U.S for present and future if it carries on the present rate of consumption. Indeed the chances to overcome the sightive oil imports are slim considering the fleet of 210 millions fomite that depend solely upon motor gasoline for their functioning (Hirsch R.L, Bezdek R, Wending R, February 2005, 4). As on maiden January 2006, the total proven oil reserves with U.S was just 21.6 billion barrels, which implies that in future U.S would be forced to rely almost completely on oil imports for its entire takea tion requirements.As the closer sources shall run dry, U.S dependency would shift to further sources from where oil must be communicateed over vulnerable supply lines, leading to rise in global oil price. The outstandinger assay is definitely compromising with U.S national interests. The oil supply lines would always be at risk against subversive elements requiring some other set of huge investment in ensuring safe conveyanceation of oil to U.S onshore facilities. It leave also place U.S interests in the hands of oil cartels much(prenominal) as OPEC that may freely circumvent oil supplies according to their own interests.The shortage of oil would be more manifest in glide slope times as oil demands are growing world wide, especially in China and India with cursorily expanding economy, transportation system and consequently requirement of petroleum oil. Even at present consumption rate there are grave uncertainties on the secure prospects of future supplies within next 50 years time frame, and the rising consumption rates threatens to bring the approaching crisis nearer. United States is thus faced with a capacious responsibility to secure its future interests without sacrificing its present requirements and needs. This issue forms the topic of the next section.Part II Alternative fuel technologiesThe impending oil crisis has finally stirred policy crystalizers in US. A bod of approaches are suggested that include a. imposing taxes on oil consumption b. using tradable gasoline permits and c. explo dimensionn of new sources of oil ( Deutch J, Schlesinger J.R, Victor D.G. 2006 ).However, the pressing need of situation demands measures that would sustain the present structure while safeguarding the future against depleting sources and rising petroleum prices. As the worlds oil reserves are finite, even measures much(prenominal) stagnating oil consumption and using oil more efficiently are just helpful in delaying the inevitable without offering any permanent solution to the issue. Oil reserves are going raze steadily and within a couple of decades prices will soar up inexorably disrupting the economy, constancy and nightclub in turn.The only practical solution to this problem is technical innovations in energy field that kindle reduce dependence on petroleum oil by providing alternative and sustainable sources of energy. It shall serve two immensely useful usages that are a. minimizing U.S dependence on foreign oil and b. preventing the environment from damages associated with use of petroleum oils and products. The certainty of oil exhaustion has inspired efforts from both government and corporate sector to look into and develop the new fuel technologies as a providential measure for survival, growth and progress in forthcoming days of oil crisis.Past decade has seen great thrust on technological researches in alternative fuels. Various new techniques and models have already been introduced in the market to test their v iability and capacity to successfully replace petroleum as chief source of energy.Most of these innovations are specifically aimed at transportation sector owing to its liability as chief consumer of petroleum oil and as principle take of soaring oil imports. Due to distinct requirements of different sectors in transportation, the technologies vary. Passenger vehicles, overt transport vehicles and load transportation carry specific needs that are difficult to be met by a single alternative fuel technology. Some of the major and most popular of these technologies, where majority of research and development has interpreted place, are (Aldrich, 1996)1.Hybrid Vehicle, 2. Bio-diesels 3. Ethanol 4. Hydrogen and 5.Solar energyFollowing section discusses the technology employ in separately of these new vehicle-systems and their benefits over conventional gasoline based internal com dealtion engine.Hybrid Vehicles As the reach suggests, hybrid vehicles combine dual technologies for the ir operation. Technically they are hybrid galvanizing vehicle with an electric motor that packs the vehicle (Hoogma, Kemp, Schot and Truffer, 2002, 41 ). In the case of a typical electric vehicle, hydrogen fuel jail cell or chemical batteries such(prenominal) as modern sealed lead battery, nickel cadmium and lithium ion are employ for auxiliary provide (Aldrich, 1996). However in the hybrid electric vehicles, the electric drive technology is combined with a gasoline-based mogul generator for running the electric motor and charging the batteries.Hybrid vehicles are either full hybrid or middle hybrid. A full hybrid vehicle can move forward from standstill purely on electric originator while a mid hybrid requires gasoline power for initial movement, although both technologies concentrate on maximum utilization of electric motor power while reducing the use of gasoline as far as realistic (Hybrid Terms, 2007). The electric motor and internal combustion engine (ICE) are conne cted either in parallel or in series in a hybrid vehicle.In parallel hybrid cars, power to engine is supplied by both the electric motor and internal combustion engine while in the series hybrid car the gasoline engine powers the electric motor and batteries to generate electricity, without directly providing power for the vehicle (Hybrid Electric Vehicles, 2007). There is another category of hybrid vehicles, called as plug-in hybrid that can draw as a full electric vehicle. They require some additional batteries and use electricity net to charge the batteries thereby minimizing gasoline use to its lowest possible levels (Hybrid Terms, 2007). All hybrid electric vehicle use computer that constantly monitors speed, power required and charge conditions of batteries (Hybrid Electric Vehicles, 2007).Bio-diesel Bio-diesel, as the term suggests, is a type of renewable fuel obtained by hoidenish products and used as fuel in heavy vehicles. The major sources currently under research for bio-diesel are soybean, rapeseed, corn, cottonseed, peanut, sunflower, and canola (Aldrich, 1996, 85).The process of making bio-diesel involves use of an alcohol such as m fermentation alcohol which is treated with oil of selected agricultural produce to form glycerin followed by interval of fatty esters, recycling of excess alcohol and purification of esters to produce a fuel that bears remarkable liberty to diesel, however with higher octane number (Aldrich, 1996, 85). Currently bio-diesel is used when blended with petroleum diesel, especially in European markets, with commendable results.Ethanol Ethanol as a very long history as an alternative fuel, and it was tried in even 1880 as a fuel option for Ford cars (Aldrich, 1996, 51). Ethanol is derived from agricultural produces by process of fermentation and distillation to form a high-octane liquid fuel. Normally ethanol is not used alone as a fuel, instead it is blended with gasoline in ratio of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percen t gasoline to form a fuel E-85, which is approve as an alternative fuel in US (Ethanol, 2007). The vehicles run on this fuel are called as flexi fuel vehicles.Ethanol has emerged as a successful alternative to fossil fuels in Brazil where more than 4 million vehicles on ethanol based fuel and it is finding increasing application in US as well. The benefits of using ethanol are multifold and they include (Ethanol, 2007)Hydrogen There are great interests in using hydrogen as fuel in transport industry due to the great flexibility of options and performance it offers. Hydrogen can either be used as fuel in place of gasoline in internal combustion engine or it can be used as energy carrier in fuel cells, the latter being the major research theater in automobile sector (Aldrich, 1996, 87).Solar Power Use of solar power as energy in transportation sector has been subject of intense technological research. While the solar energy has prime wide application as domestic energy supply, ther e are difficulties in their application in transport sector. Photovoltaic cells, that absorb sunrays to provide electricity, are inefficient under the current technology strains and otiose to generate even a fraction of required power to drive a normal passenger vehicle.However, solar power has turned as a dependable source of energy in areas other than transport. All the initial costs are high in maintaining a solar energy power plant, its been shown that with increasingly sophisticated technology and wider application the cost of installation as well as contemporaries of electricity can get comparable to normal power plants (Borowitz, 1999,112).Mass Transport System isolated from introducing alternative fuel and technologies to replace and minimize fossil fuel consumption, another area where fuel consumption can be easily reduced is creating a more robust and functional mankind transport and mass expedition system. It is cost effective and time consuming to redesign the exist ing public transport system, especially in major cities, to cut down fuel consumption by reducing number of vehicles on the road. While airplanes are already a popular and heavily used long exceed intercity mass get over system, there are many available areas of intervention in short quad intercity and intra-city transport to provide fast and reliable transit facilities while simultaneously reducing traffic, freeing up space on roads and parking and moderating fossil oil consumption.The transportation system of US, excluding charge transport, is presently divided in two broad categories a. mystically owned individual all purpose vehicle transport system and b. public transport system consisting of buses, trains, trams, and metros under the control and maintenance of public administration and public transport companies ((Hoogma, Kemp, Schot and Truffer, 2002, 36-37). Public transport system is usually characterized by low cost, fuel-efficient transit system capable of carrying l arge number of people on a fixed route (ibid). It has been matt-up over time that a sustainable and efficient fuel policy needs to incorporate advanced public transport system as one of its key focus area.To improve the services of public transport system, increase its popularity and acceptance among people and highlight its role as an efficient and fuel inducing mode of travel, public authorities and corporations are required to introduce some important policy and technological measures.Three policy measures as highlighted by Hoogma, Kemp, Schot and Truffer (2002, 43) are 1. Developing an integrated public transportation system where a single ticket can be used to commute irrespective of the number of switchovers do in the process. 2 Development of strong travel information structure in the public transport system, which can help people to navigate to their destinations easily. 3. Providing easy payment facility such as unfermented cards. These policies would greatly enhance the image and services of public transport system.Additionally the light rail and bus services can be expanded to cover specifically high traffic and downtown areas of major cities. An integration of public transport and private vehicle system can be achieved by providing enough parking space at stations and depots of public transport system. It would encourage people to use their private vehicles to access public transport system, resolving one of major issues of limited accessibility involved with mass transit system.ConclusionWhen fossil fuels were discovered around 150 years back, the existing technologies of steam engines were unable(p) to utilize them. However, soon completely new technologies were developed in the face of these new energy sources and they were used to capitalize on the energy content and efficiency of fossil fuels. Soon petroleum fuels revolutionized the way the world moved and worked. The past 100 years of consumption has comprehensively depleted non-renewabl e petroleum deposits and estimates give another 50 more years before the remaining available sources would get almost exhausted.This fact is and so a cause of concern, but only if viewed from existing technological frame. Declining petroleum resources offer the signal that its time to make transition towards different energy sources. Countries that would fail to read this signal or close their eye to it are certainly heading for a major crisis. But fortunately US has the capacity to read these signals and develop reliable intermediate technologies and systems such as hybrid electric vehicle, ethanol and public transit systems that would considerably reduce fossil fuel consumption without adding to infrastructure cost thereby extending the life purpose of petroleum reservoirs.Meanwhile research can take place on new age technologies such as fuel cell and solar photovoltaic cells to complete replace fossil fuels as a source of energy. It is possible that if government and industry i nstitute providential policy measures, there would be a host of alternative technologies in transportation sector by the time petroleum oil would get exhausted.But the question is that has US opened its eyes to the approaching crisis of oil shortage and if so, then what are the policy measures that are being taken to avert and stultify the crisis. Depleting oil resources are a reality, and it is certain that within decades oil prices would climb to astronomical height, bringing the entire present system to standstill. The whole structure of US is running efficiently on the energy of petroleum and it would collapse if this energy dries up. The responsibility to jump out transition towards new system, however, is not only of government but of every person because the future of crisis would be a common future. It would a collective exercise upon to use alternative technologies in their personal life, make maximum possible use of mass transit system and send the message to government a nd industry that people are ready for the great shift from petroleum oil.ReferenceReferenceBasic Petroleum Statistics. Jan 2007. capacity discipline Administration. 3 maiden Jan. 2007 http//www.eia.doe.gov/neic/quickfacts/quickoil.htmlBenefits of Public Transport System-An Overview. 1st Feb-2007. American Public Transportation Association. 1st Feb 2007. http//www.apta.com/research/info/online/ben_overview.cfmBob Aldrich.. ABCs of AFVs a guide to alternative fuel vehicles. California Energy Commission, Sacramento-CA. April 1996. 1st Feb 2007http//www.p2pays.org/ref/26/25156.pdfBorowitz, Sidney. Farewell Fossil Fuels Reviewing Americas Energy Policy. Plenum Trade New York 1999Deutch J, Schlesinger J.R, Victor D.G. 2006. outlet of U.S Oil Dependency Report of an Independent Task Force. 30th Jan. 2007 http//www.cfr.org/content/publications/attachments/EnergyTFR.pdfEthanol. 2007. Alternative Fuel entropy Center. US Department of Energy.1st Feb, 2007,http//www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/alt fuel/ethanol.htmlFaupel Karen and Al Kukri, 2002. Biodiesel A Brief Overivew. NCAT Agricultural Specialist. 1st Feb, 2007. http//www.msenergy.ms/biodiesel.pdfHirsch R.L, Bezdek R, Wending R. February 2005. Peaking of World Oil Production Impact, Mitigation, Risk Management. 30th Jan. 2007 http//www.pppl.gov/publications/pics/Oil_Peaking_1205.pdfHoogma Recmo, Rene Kemp, John Schot, Bernhard Truffer. Experimenting for Sustainable Transport The Approach of Strategic Niche Management. Spon rack New York 2002. 36Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Feb 2007. Hybrid Electric Vehicle Implementing Agreement. International Energy Agency. 1st Feb, 2007.http//www.ieahev.org/hybrid.htmlAnchor3Hybrid Terms. HybridCars.com. 1st Feb 2007http//www.hybridcars.com/types-systems/hybrid-terms.htmlPetroleum. July, 2006. Annual Energy Review-2005. 31s Jan, 2007 http//www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/petro.htmlPetroleum Overview, 1949-2005. Annual Energy Review.31st Jan, 2007 http//www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/petro.htmlPros pects For A Hydrogen Economy. Oct. 2002. Postnote. parliamentary Office of Science and Technology. 1st Feb, 2007.http//www.parliament.uk/post/pn186.pdfReardon Jack. .An Institutionalist Critique of the Bush Administrations Journal of Economic pick outs. Volume 38. Issue 2. Publication Year 2004. Page Number 449+Sanna Lucy. Driving the Solution Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles. EPRI Journal. 1st Feb 2007.http//www.calcars.org/epri-driving-solution-1012885_PHEV.pdfU.S. Imports- Petroleum Navigator.Energy Information Administration. 31st Jan 2007 http//tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_move_impcus_d_NUS_Z00_mbbl_m.htm

Jominy End Essay Example for Free

Jominy End EssayTo determine the hardenability of plain carbon copy stain. scheme Hardenability is the ability of a steel to be hardened and image martensite during quenching. Hardenability indicates the depth of callus which is obtained from quenching process, and it is very important to the components of machine especially tool steel. One of the methods to determine the hardenability of steels is Jominy End-Quench Test. Hardening usually involves quenching where the steel is heated to austenite phase and fast cooling in the quench medium such as water, oil, coarseness solution, or air to produce microstructure of martensite. The martensite gives hard and brittle properties of steel. Usually, for heavy steel components, the ruggedness decreases at the center of component because the microstructure formed is ferrite and pearlite. While at the surface of the component have higher hardness. The difference of the hardness between the core and surface can be explained by Co ntinuous Cooling Transformation or CCT diagram of the steel. If the cooling regularize of steel does not cross the transformation curve of the diagram, then the hardness on the whole steel can be obtained.CCT diagrams allow prediction of the final microstructure of the steel taking into account the continuous nature of the process during cooling of austenite. Other than that, CCT diagrams take into consideration continuous cooling during quenching the cooling curve assumes a constant cooling sum up. As we can see from the diagram, martensite form at the temperature below than 200? C, it mean that the specimen with faster cooling rate will capable to form more martensite and higher hardness. Continuous Cooling Transformation diagram The above diagram submit the time-temperature isothermal transformation diagram for the plain carbon steel Apparatus Specimen of plain carbon steel, furnace, Jominy End-Quench Unit, and Vickers Harness Tester. Experimental Procedure (a) Heat the spec imen to temperature of 850C and soak at that temperature for 20 minutes. subsequently that, its remain almost constant while the distance increase. In our experiment, there are some running game errors where we are having small rise in our reading of the hardenability value which suppose decrease continuously. This is due to the jaggy surface of the tested specimen or cause by the unbalanced cooling rate throughout the specimen. (b) Gives your opinion on the correlation between cooling rate of specimen and the graph obtained. The cooling rate at the end of the plain carbon steel are much higher compare to the.Thus, in the graph it shows the highest hardness at the early stage and then slowly decreases when approaching to the core of the steel. We similarly can say that, at the end of the steel has the highest hardness which cause by the high means of martensite. However, the content of the martensite and hardness will drop when approaching to the centre of the steel. We can conc lude that the cooling rate decreases from the end-quench to the centre of the steel, resulting in decreasing of the hardness.

The Farmers Almanac Essay Example for Free

The Farmers almanac EssaySince the earliest memories in my grandp atomic number 18nts farm in rural West Virginia, I h grey had a fascination for nature and our place in it. I remember with crystal clarity, the trip to the boron with my grand arrest. She picked out a crybaby, marched behind the barn and unceremoniously, without a warning, chopped off its head right out front my eyes. As I screamed in terror watching the creature run headless and bleeding, my grandmother solely asked me to hush and get some potatoes out of the basket from inside the barn. As I moved toward the door authority, the chicken appeared to be running after me until it curtly dropped dead in its last convulsion. That day on my grandparents farm was the first event of awareness I had of the harsh realities of look. I was three days senile and inquisitive about everything on the farm. Although it was just a few miles from my proclaim home, it mat as though one-stepped back in measure when we v isited, which we did frequently. With no running water, no indoor plumbing, no telephone and just about entire sustenance from the farm itself, it was a fantasyland.Although I had grown up in the 60s and 70s, it could give way been the 30s due to our location in rural West Virginia. Life moved at a snails pace there. We were in greater touch with nature and the affinity with the solid ground was innate. Life was about learning to survive in a natural way. We neer discussed politics, literature or hi bilgewater, at least non in a global sense. In my life, I have seen my convey read just a single book The Farmers Almanac. As I was coaching my own absorb in literature, I recall asking him why The Almanac was the only book he read, and his answer was simple and to the point, which was always his style.Everything you need to kat once about everything important is in this book Kelly Lea, he exclaimed with a gentle urgency. This has been a constant in my relationship with my fath er. You think too very much, its not that complicated. Certainly, as I watch my children, I find myself thinking the same. I have learnt to utilize my hold and gain a sense of accomplishment from manual labor, from my father. Summers were spent building tree houses and runing in the garden. Although I preferred working outdoors, my mother felt it was imperative that I learn to cook and develop my skills in home sparings.My childhood could be interpreted right out of a Norman Rockwell painting. We genuinely had a swimming hole and caught lightning bugs in a Kerr canning jar with holes punched by means of the top with a nail. ad-lib kickball games in the parking lot of the local lumberyard were infamous for heated debates followed by behindhand walks home on the railroad tracks for supper. Some of the enlightening lessons of life I learnt as a child were from my father. There were some(prenominal) years on and off when we suffered financial hardship. It was during one of th ose years that our county had record rains and flooding.We had little money to authorise for unavoidable home improvements to secure us from the elements. My parents were worried about the integrity of our roof. In the neighborhood, some homes were universe constructed on property that had belonged to my grandparents. As they grew older, the taxes had absentmindedly not been paid. It was auctioned off for a bargain price without front notification, while my father was gathering the funds to pay off the debt. The workers had hastily left the building supplies outside, cover by a mere sheet of construction plastic.Several of my fathers acquaintances at work had helped themselves to the supplies and encouraged my father to do the same. Trying to even the score, his fellow manufacturing plant workers felt the developer was only acquire what was coming to him. One evening we drove by the site and my father parked the family truck and stared at the sight. My mother was frightened. She thought he was contemplating stealing from there. My father looked at her and said, You know better, thats not something I would do. I just wanted to see the land again before they chopped it up and got free of our trees. We got by without the supplies in a very leaky house but I remember timber a sense of pride and comfort, with the knowledge that my father was a good and righteous man who would never compromise his values. Another defining moment transpired when I was a pre-teen. That incident has greatly affected my lookout on life, as I navigate my children through their natural world. I come from a family of hunters. all(a) of the men as well as a few of the women, myself included, have had the experience of tracking wildlife on a blistery cold winter day. This is a ritual of passage for boys in particular.My buddy had been lookup for several(prenominal) years and my father thought he had instilled in him a respect for the wildlife, the woods and his weapon. My brother wa s obsessed with hunting and snap a rabbit one day purely for the thrill of it. This was utterly forbidden in our house. My father was a strong believer of living a needs-based life. He shot only what we would eat and this never included rabbits. After watching my brother skin the animal, my father change state the carcass and forced my brother to consume every bite. To the best of my knowledge, my brother has never hunted for the gasconade of it, again.Whenever I hear a person protesting against hunting, I draw their attention to the ghastly practice of factory farming as opposed to hunting in the wilderness. My fathers philosophy of respect for nature as well as his intolerance of nature-abuse has remained a corner stone in my own life and hopefully, that of my children as well. Our neighbors were from Greece and Italy as well as Eastern Europe. They had come to work in the mines and factories as fresh men and women. My friends were often embarrassed by their cultural differen ces as compared to Americanized families.As a child I would listen to their grandparents speak their native tongue and delight in their sustained holiday traditions. I imagined what these unlike countries would be like as I leafed through the family atlas that my mother had purchased at the food market store with her philately books. As a young teen, I had begun asking questions regarding my family. An aunt and uncle had raised my mother and her siblings after they were abandoned by their father following their mothers death. My mother has never retrieve from the desertion. My father was raised by his violent, abusive, inebriantic parent.My victimized mother has never had a taste of alcohol out of fear of the addiction that claimed an older brothers life. My parents were teenagers when they had met. After a brief flow of courtship, they had married. They had vowed to become each others family and committed to not letting the ghosts of their past haunt their future. Unfortunatel y, this is not something one can absolutely control. My mother has suffered from depression for years, yet she refuses to seek help. She has spent so much of her life reflecting on her past. Both my parents had stopped growing as individuals when they found one another.Their knowledge is especial(a) to what is necessary to sustain them as they have for decades. Fortunately, I k new-sprung(prenominal) my grandparents as different people and I adored my now sober, Born Again Christian grandfather. I grew up in the church, with him by my side. Mine was an perfect childhood, completely ignorant of the fact that we were poor. I had everything I wanted and was gifted with a vivid imagination, a true blessing for a child of limited means. It was not until high school that life changed. I have found in my many years of self-discovery, that at the age of 17 my life had taken a major turn.The fallout of which, I am still recovering from. I was smart, pretty and outgoing, the Trifecta for trivial town teenage girls. With a blue-collar worker father and a housewife mother, I suddenly realized this too would be my fate. My college counselor told me that I in truth didnt need to go to college valued girls usually wasted their time in higher education because we normally just got married. It was at this time that I began an intimate relationship with a teacher and coach in my high school. After several months, it ended and I was sent into a downward spin that, I believe, had drastically changed my life.I now understood my mothers abandonment issues. I nearly failed out of school, unable to cope with the pressure. I realize now that I was suffering from major depression for years without any sort of treatment. I spent my twenties trying to duplicate my relationship. I had outgrown my parents by now and felt the only way to continue living was to stop trying to duplicate what I envisioned to be my life story and start another one. I moved to Europe after being spotted by a modeling scout and started a career in the most glamorous and destructive environment a young woman could be exposed to in the 1980s.Finally, I stopped thinking about my yellowish brown of five years past. Determined to change my attitude, I delved into the glamorous world of travel and adventure. I seldom stayed anywhere longer than a few months. My calendar was booked with exciting trips to some of the worlds most alien and intoxicating locations. However, my world came to a crashing halt when I was brutally attacked on a first encounter by a man I had just met in Italy. My experience of the world had not vigilant me for such an assault to my psyche. The physical wounds were quick to heal but I became fearful and uncomfortable in a world that I had priorly relished.I now know that I had become clinically depressed following the attack. Although I continued to work and travel, my focus had changed. I wanted a family, my own family, very badly. Perhaps it is because I had be en groomed and expected to follow that path for my entire life or perhaps I was trying to find love that would heal my wounds of abandonment and assault. Whatever may be the case, I met the man that would most influence my life, in 1987. A year later, we got married. Sometimes change is slow and passive, while at other times it is aggressive and shocking.My move to California and into the world of my new hubby and his family was cold and judgmental. By then, I was expecting our first child. As previously mentioned, I was raised as a Protestant and although I had not attended services regularly, my faith was still very much a part of my identity. Soon I was expected to convert to Judaism, and raise our family in a culture which I had no experience or identification with. My husbands domineering nature and narcissism change my old friends and soon we were socializing only with those of the Jewish faith and in a certain economic bracket.My previous life was eclectic, colorful and inc lusive. As the years passed, I felt my authentic self accrue and take on the role of a Jewish doctors wife from Beverly Hills. My soul felt suffocated and isolated. I had all of the material wealth and yet, I felt deprived. I compared my husband to a mediate schooler wanting to sit at the popular table and willing to compromise principles and values for any glance into the world of the Hollywood elite. The people we called friends were ruthless and shallow and I isolated myself more as the years passed.Occasionally, there was a bankruptcy or divorce and the vultures would descend on the poor soul that was doomed enough to ________. My husband would ridicule me saying I only had children so I would have someone to play with. Children are honest and open and show unconditional love. Something I was starving for from my husband. Few things are more delicate than society. The West Los Angeles elite were accustomed to disposing off people like a previous years handbag and the choice was easy. To whom they shall be loyal depends directly on who they could most seeming benefit from.My decision to finally divorce was excruciating because I was now the mother of three. I was really the only parent my children knew. My husbands work and social calendar spared him little time to be a hands-on parent. My older son, 11 years old at the time, suffers from learning disabilities and raising him as his mother, teacher, and therapist, among other things, required my full attention. I knew the children would suffer as a consequence of what my husband considered a betrayal. The truth is that, for the first time in over 12 years, I was not betraying myself.The price I have paid is high. Due to a pre-nuptial agreement, I was nearly bankrupt after paying the lawyer fees and have watched my children traverse from a life of wealth and privilege with their father to a modest lifestyle when with me in a shared custody arrangement. His, my ex-husbands, vow to drive me to the street s had nearly materialized. A consistently litigious divorce had buried me underneath a wall of debt. Every person I knew through my husband has turned his/ her back on me, which has proved to be a gift. I have rekindled old relationships that have enriched and fortified me.Over the several years since my divorce, I have watched with pride and exuberance, as my children have met and conquered their own challenges. Divorce is ugly and very painful but I have forced myself and my children to not let it define their identity. I have gained tremendous perspective and wisdom as a go forth of my relationships and parenting three children, particularly my special-needs son. I have emotionally and physically returned to that place I loved as a child. To feed my curiosity of nature and travel, I spend my time diving, kayaking, traveling and discovering new adventures with my new husband who shares these same traits.

Hamburger and Wendy Essay Example for Free

Hamburger and Wendy EssayExecutive thick Wendys offers a variety of exuberant fodder. The regimen selection ranges from burgers, French fries, salads, chicken, potatoes, and chilli. Wendys income is based on the sale of prompt nourishment. The make of Wendys service is highly elastic. A change in price allow for scratch demand for products. Wendys market place structure is an oligopoly and has two main competitors McDonalds and Burger King. In an oligopoly, the market is dominated by a a few(prenominal) large producers of a homogeneous or differentiated product. Because of their fewness, oligopolies suffer con alignrable control over their prices, plainly each moldiness consider the possible reaction of rivals to its own price, turn output, and ad decisions (McConnell Brue, 2005). Since there are legion(predicate) substitutes, Wendys has to be leading to keep their prices and quality of regimen relative to competitors. McDonalds and Burger King offer substit utes to Wendys viands. Advertising and promotional offers net help oneself Wendys die hard competitive. Wendys also has to be observant of economic trends. Raises in inflation and food personifys will hit the demand for prodigal food.However, inflation and food costs should also dissemble McDonalds and Burger King. Therefore, Wendys market package should not be affected if they raise prices collectively with McDonalds and Burger King. In the future, there is a chance for a healthy fast food eating house to enter the market. Society is leaning towards a more health conscience population and the fast food industry will mother to adjust. Wendys and its competitors before long offer salads. Wendys should consider offering healthier carte du jour items and increase advertising to gain market share. invest in advanced technology will also keep Wendys competitive.More technology will head in high productivity and lower average total cost. Description of Utility of the Good or Service Wendys is a fast food eating house that provides an alternative to home cooked meals. The convenience of their products is not a necessity nevertheless fag be considered as a luxury. In the past, women were not in the achievement force and stayed home to tend to household chores. Chores included tending to the children, cooking and cleaning. In the twentieth century, women had begun workings outside of the home. In addition, there has been an increase with single-parent homes.The work day has also increased in hours. These factors admit increased the demand for an alternative to home cooked meals. Wendys offers fast food at an affordable rate. Time that would flummox been spent in the kitchen can now be spent with family or running errands. Fast food also serves as an alternative to tralatitious restaurants that seat customers and offer full course meals. The meals offered at tralatitious establishments are priced high than fast food restaurants. In addition, t he time spent at a traditional restaurant is significantly more than time spent getting food at a fast food restaurant.For added convenience, most fast food restaurants offer seating for customers who wish to dine-in. Description of Substitutes and/or antonymous Products Wendys competes in local, regional, national, and international markets. Wendys mainly competes with Burger King and McDonalds on all market levels. Burger King and McDonalds offer the equivalent types of foods as Wendys. Each fast food chain, however, offers something that the others do not. For instance, Burger King and McDonalds snitch fish sandwiches all year, duration Wendys only sells fish during Lent.On the other hand, Wendys offers chili while Burger King and McDonalds only sell chili in certain markets, or not at all. Wendys doesnt offer many complimentary items. Items sold at Wendys can be eaten alone or with other products. French fries usually complement sandwiches but can be eaten alone. Wendys offe r a combination meal that includes a sandwich, fries and a sup since the items are usually purchased together. With the change in culture to a more health conscience environment, Wendys allows side salads as a substitute for French fries.In the quick future, there may be a chance for a healthy fast food restaurant to enter the market. In general, the oligopolies in the food industry have large marketing budgets that hinder others from entering into the market. In addition, the members of the oligopoly can begin a price war to deter other entrants into the industry. However, it is conceivable that a healthy fast food restaurant may emerge in the near future. The fast food industry may have difficulties advertising against a healthy fast food restaurant, since the current culture is health conscience. Price Elasticity of pauperismThe price elasticity of demand is relatively elastic. If McDonalds and Burger King have promotional sales and Wendys does not detect suit, the demand cur ve for Wendys food will shift to the left, reflecting a devolve in demand. Due to the lower in demand, Wendys will have more supply than usual. The supply curve will shift to the right. On the other hand, if Wendys raised the price on their food and other competitor prices remain the same, demand for Wendys food will light. Another factor of demand for Wendys food comes from a healthier culture. The shift in friendship has been to a more health conscience population.Demand for fast food had decreased as a result of high fat content in many of the foods. Wendys can adjust to a decrease in demand by increasing promotions and advertising. Having a promotional low-fat sandwich and extensive advertising will result in the demand curve shifting to the right. Another method to counteract a decrease in demand is to offer reduced prices for popular selling items. For example, Wendys could offer fifty cent younger cheeseburgers for a two week period. This type of promotion will get consu mers back into Wendys and should boost the sell of French fries, since the two are usually sold together.To counteract the demand for a healthy fast food restaurant, Wendys will have to promote healthy items. Wendys has taken steps to include nutritional facts on their website and offer healthy menu items. They have increased their selection of salads and have collaborated with the American Diabetes Association to help familys select menu items for a healthier lifestyle (www. wendys. com). Advertising healthier menu items is an important distinguish of countering restaurants that offer health food. Issues that Affect Consumer Demand and Price.Oligopolies are affected by the price competitors charge for analogous products. The market share should remain constant if oligopolies collectively increase or decrease prices for similar products. Issues that affect consumer demand for fast food include changes in national, regional, and local economic conditions, consumer preferences and s pending patterns, demographic trends, consumer perceptions of food safety, weather, traffic patterns, the type, number and fixture of competing restaurants (www. wendys-invest. com). For instance, fast food on highways and toll roads are priced higher than residential areas.The higher price can be charged on the roads and will not affect demand because travelers have few substitutes and will pay the higher price. Residents, on the other hand, can cook at home and have more substitutes than a traveler. The same is true for demographics. A restaurant in a metro area with a higher cost of living will have prices higher than a restaurant that is not located in a metro area. Demand for the higher priced items will not decrease because the cost of living is higher. The location of competitors will greatly affect price and demand.If there are many substitutes available, consumers will not buy an expensive product. In an oligopoly, a community has to be aware of competitors prices and pre dict what impact their own prices will have on competitors. The previously mentioned issues will continue to affect Wendys in the future. Wendys should remain competitive if their prices remain relative to their competitors. Wendys has to remain aware of the location of immediate competitors and competitors prices. Cost Component Factors such as inflation, food costs, legal claims, labor costs and advantage costs, affect administrative expenses (www.wendys-invest. com). Labor and Benefit costs are minimal expenses for Wendys compared to other industries. Wendys usually pays tokenish wage and the majority of its employees are part-time. Therefore, arrive ats costs are low. Wendys is affected by inflation and food costs. However, the get that an oligopoly affords Wendys is they can expect competitors to react to increase inflation and food costs, as well. Increased prices should be agnize by all competitors. Technology and productivity are indirectly proportional to average total cost. By increasing technology, productivity will increase.For example, a large grill will allow multiple hamburger orders to be exhibited at one time. Productivity increases for hamburgers. As a result, the average total cost to process on sandwich decreases. Wendys also has incorporated an automatic coin changer. This allows the coin portion of a customers change to be automatically dispensed by the register. Cashiers no longer have to count out someones change. This reduces processing time and allows for more customers to be served. In the future, inflation, food costs, legal claims, labor costs and benefit costs will continue to be a cost for the fast food industry.Advanced technology can aide in faster processing of customers and free up monies allocated for labor. For example, robotic arms can process all orders for fries. The culture has evolved into a ? get rich quick society. Frivolous law suits can bring as an added expense in the future, as well. The time and effort to investigate and disprove claims can be expensive. Wendys was recently involved in a severed finger scandal. Wendys official state that Wendys quarterly profits fell nearly $2 million dollars after the scam (www. money. cnn. com). Market Structure Component.Wendys is an oligopoly. An oligopoly is a market structure that contains few large sellers. Most likely, there are barriers to enter the industry. The sellers have interdependence in pricing and output decisions. Oligopolies consider responses of rivals in pricing decisions. Strategies for pricing and output decisions include retaliatory pricing and advertising (McConnell Brue, 2005). Retaliatory pricing is one strategy that may govern how Wendys reacts to another(prenominal)s price and output decision. Wendys can sale their sandwiches for a lower price than McDonalds and Burger King.However, Wendys could lose money by slashing prices and may have to raise prices or layoff employees to compensate for lost monies. Price slashing may work as an immediate competition tool, but should not be a long term solution for competing. Advertising is another strategy that governs how Wendys can compete with anothers price and output decision. Advertising can be more utile than price matching. By providing information about competing goods, advertising diminishes monopoly power and results in greater economic efficiency. no-hit advertising can boost demand, lower long run average total cost out-of-pocket to increased output, and enable firms to enjoy economies of scale, (Muryn, n. d. ). Successful advertising campaigns may also raise the cost of intromission to potential competitors. In the future, Wendys has to be more health conscience. McDonalds and Burger King are making advances towards healthier menu items. To stay competitive, Wendys should make more strides to display healthy menu items. Some of the advertising budget has to be directed toward health conscience consumers.Promotional campaigns should introduc e the public to healthier items offered by Wendys. The market share for Wendys should remain competitive with the introduction of healthy menu items. Conclusion Wendys is an oligopoly that competes with McDonalds and Burger King. Demand is relatively elastic. To stay competitive, Wendys must stay aware of the competitions prices, location and menu items. Wendys should also know what current economic trends, costs, and societal shifts affect demand for their product. Wendys should use increased advertising as a long term tool to stay competitive.References CNN (2005). Wendys Frosty, Retrieved May 15, 2005 from http//www. money. cnn. com/2005/05/10/news/midcaps/wendys_frosty McConnell R. C. , Brue S. L. (2005).Economics principles, problems, and policies, 16th ed. New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Muryn, Jack (n. d. ). ch25. ECO 204, Retrieved May 26, 2005, from http//www. washington. uwc. edu Wendys (2005). Eating let out Together, Retrieved May 30, 2005 from http//www. wendys. com/food/ US_nutrition_topics. jsp Wendys-invest (2005). Safe Harbor Statement, Retrieved May 30, 2005 from http//www. wendys-invest. com/safeharbor.