Attempts to Unite the American Colonies before the...

Since the founding of the Thirteen Colonies, the colonists enjoyed a degree of autonomy and self sufficiency from the mother country, England. The colonies had colonial assemblies, which were more democratic than England’s and were independent governments. British mercantilist laws were not strictly enforced due to the policy commonly referred to as salutary neglect. However, as the British increasingly ignore the problems the colonies faced, the colonies began to look for a common government to lead them. This eventually led to three distinct efforts at intercolonial cooperation and union: The New England Confederation, Penn’s Plan of Union, and The Albany Plan of Union. Therefore, although there were unsuccessful attempts to unite the†¦show more content†¦However, according to the document, attempts by Massachusetts to dominate the alliance caused the other members to end their participation. The confederation continued until 1684, when it was dissolved, aft er an existence of forty-one years. The New England Confederation was a small first step toward formal cooperation among the colonies, but attempts by one of the colonies to violate the pact helped to break the fragile union. Unlike the New England Confederation, Penns Plan of Union was never implemented. However, the plan would unify the colonies in many ways if it were to be executed. According to Penns Plan of Union, the colonies would meet at least once a year; there will be a Congress to resolve issues, and a High Commissioner to govern the Congress of Union. There will also be a common justice system to link the colonies further. Nevertheless, the plan will not be utilized due to distrust among colonies, but it did reflect a need for a common government. One of the last of the colonial plans of union to be considered before the outbreak of the American Revolution was the Albany Plan of Union. Proposed by Benjamin Franklin, the plan called for a single executive to be appointe d by the King, who would be responsible for Indian relations, military preparedness, and execution of laws regulating various trade and financial activities. It called for a Grand Council to beShow MoreRelatedThe Revolution Of The American Revolution999 Words   |  4 Pagesfull-on revolution. The American Revolution, also known as the Revolutionary War, was a time of revolting and political uprising, in which the 13 colonies separated from the British Empire, forming the independent nation known as the United States of America. 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Police Violence Is More Than Violent Policing - 1369 Words

Bernasconi, R. (2014). When police violence is more than violent policing. CR: The New Centennial Review, 14(2), 145-152. doi:10.14321/crnewcentrevi.14.2.0145 The article examines a particular case where a young African-American male was shot by a police officer in Chicago. The author looks at the causes of this incident as well as discusses the absence of accountability that the police department faced. The content of this article applies to all three disciplines that will assist to explain police brutality. Chamberlain, A. W., Boggess, L. N. (2016). Why disadvantaged neighborhoods are more attractive targets for burgling than wealthy ones. Retrieved from†¦show more content†¦He examines the governmental aspect that plays a role in violence practiced by the law enforcement officials and how police brutality varies across cultures. As well, the author points out which part of society is usually subjected to excessive force applied by the police. 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Project Management for Measurable Organizational - myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1.Define what a project methodology is giving few definitions from various authors and the role itserves in project management. 2.Choose one methodology from the provided list and contrast them with the methodologies outlined by the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), analysing the similarities and differences between them both. 3.Finally, identify how your chosen methodology and processes relate to the project life cycle (PLC). Answers: 1. Project Management refers to the process of working of a team for the purpose of achievement of goals and success of the project. Project methodologies refers to the systematic way of planning, managing and executing for the purpose of completing the work or a certain phase of the project by application of different processes, tools and techniques. All the project methodologies should be flexible so as make it useful. Along with this all the methodologies should be developed or redesigned on a regular basis so as to include the best practices that are obtained from the various experiences and lessons from different projects (Schwalbe, 2015). The main focus of all the methodology on the projects is to standardize all the approaches that can be adopted according to the needs. The updating of the methodologies is done according to the projects that are to be done. The successful completion of any project will help any organisation to gain competitive advantage along with supporting t he business strategies. The capability of any organisation can be predicted easily by looking into the experience of the organisation with a particular methodology (Marchewka, 2015). A common language is provided by the project methodologies amongst the stakeholders involved in the project and along with this the management is allowed to make a comparison between the projects that are planned and the actual implementation of the projects. PRINCE2 Agile XP Waterfall Agile Scrum 2. PMBOK or Project Management Body of knowledge is the term which describes the sum of the knowledges which is present within the profession of the project management whereas PRINCE2 is an approach toward the project management that is based on the process. A process model is provided by the PRINCE2 that is intended for the application of a set of steps in a logical sequence and this is done by the project managers for the purpose of planning and better management of the projects. PMBOK can be considered as a knowledge-based Approach which is used for the purpose of covering the entire project. The PMI guide used for the PMBOK helps in identifying it and describing the subset included in the entire PMBOK is generally accepted as applicable in most of the projects in most of the time. Application of the process model can get adapted to two different types of projects and different types of complexities. A number of components are included in the model of PRINCE2 which provides a guid eline to the managers of the project while they are applying the model for the process (Marchewka, 2015).. There are similarities between the PMBOK and the PRINCE2 in areas of the Knowledge. The PMI guide for the PMBOK acts as a very useful document for reference and often acts as the basis of the training for the generic project management. Besides this the PMBOK also acts as the details for the set of different processes and this also falls under the nine areas of knowledge which can be linked up with the five groups when wished by the manager of the group. Along with all this there are also some differences between these two methodologies as a considerable array of information is provided about the practices that are proven in this field and invitation is provided to the managers of the project for applying them wherever it seems to be needed by the PMBOK whereas a more prescriptive set of steps are provide for to the project managers and the team so that they can follow up by th e PRINCE2. 3. The lifecycle of a project in case of PRINCE2 involves the six major processes out of the eight processes. This include the starting up a project to a closing of the project whereas the planning and the directing of the project are the two continuous process which supports the other six processes. The feeding into the system includes the six components in which some of them are documents whereas other are the process themselves. The lifecycle of the PRINCE2 project dose not start with the real needs, the generating solutions and the feasibility studies, which are considered to be the inputs of the life cycle in a project supposing that the different projects have their own rights. This be better understand by the use of n example that is lifecycle of PRINCE2 consists of five phases and this are named as conception, feasibility, implementation, operation and the termination but the only thing covered by the PRINCE2 is the conception. Thus it can be considered that PRINCE2 is a meth odology which is similar to that of the construction management instead of considering it as a project management methodology. This can be stated that the PRINCE2 assumes the running of the project within the context of the contract rather than including itself within the activity in the method (Marchewka, 2015).. However, the life cycle of PRICE2 suggests that the method can be used separately as the contracting and the procurement are the specialist activities. References: Schwalbe, K. (2015).Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Marchewka, J. (2015). Information technology project management: Providing measurable organizational value (5th ed.). New Jersey: John Wiley Sons.

Social loafing Essay Example

Social loafing Paper Social loafing A definition of a social loader is an individual who attempts to hide; when placed in a group situation and does not perform to his or her potential. When I am performing a relay, and I am the second leg of the relay and I no I am swimming with lots of very good swimmers on my team, I sometimes do not work as hard as when I am swimming a solo race on my own. I feel that I do not swim to my best potential and tend to slack off only doing enough to keep position. Goal setting Over trained Section B: psychological and physiological weaknesses Self efficacy Self efficacy is the degree of self confidence experienced by a performer when placed in a specific situation. Just before a big competition, or swimming gala, I feel myself have constant doubts about my ability. When I compete in butterfly which is my lease favourite stroke and the one I find most challenging, my levels of self efficacy decline and my confidence levels drop and my performance suffers as a result. By losing self confidence before a game it can lead to a bad performance and this may lead to increased anxiety. By having low levels of self efficacy I feel that motivation drops and the amount of effort applied will fall. Also my commitment and effort may drop and this will affect my performance and training dramatically. Information processing Anxiety/ over arousal Trait anxiety refer to the general disposition of an individual to perceive situations as threatening, just before a competition I feel really nervous which means I feel I am unable to mentally prepare as I should be, I lose concentration focus on other unimportant things, become very tensed and feel I do not listen to my coach but constant concerns about my performance. There are two types of anxiety cognitive and somatic, cognitive anxiety is experienced before an event and it involves the performers thoughts and worries concerning his or her ability to complete the task successfully. We will write a custom essay sample on Social loafing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social loafing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social loafing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This anxiety is what affects me most. Somatic anxiety is physiological responses where you are placed in a situation and are unable to complete the task successfully. My attentional narrowing decrease, this is when arousal theories directly relate to my ability to focus on relevant cues. I tend to focus on irrevlant cues are my concentration is misdirected, for example I will have a slow start of the blocks or a slow changeover. This is known as attentional wastage and it decreases my performance. Section B : Physical and physiological factors Acceleration It is important when completing short distance swimming races for example 50m and 100m that you have power coming off the blocks and out of turns also power to gain advantage over performers. I feel I have a problem with anaerobic fitness and that the last sprint of the race is poor as I lack power and acceleration to finish well. ATP/PC system Long term training methods Section B strategic and tactical weaknesses elite performance Section B: psychological and physiological weaknesses :elite performance Section B : Physical and physiological factors :elite performance